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Harvard Style

This guide describes the Harvard system of Citing and Referencing sources in academic work.

 

You may wish to refer to a work that you haven't actually read, but which has been summarised in somebody else's work. This is known as ‘secondary referencing’. If feasible, try to get access to the original source of what you want to refer to as you are depending on the author who cited the reference to have understood it accurately and not taken it out of context.

 

To do this, you add the phrase ‘quoted in’ or ‘cited in’ (depending on whether the author of the secondary source is directly quoting or summarising from the primary source) to your in-text citation, along with the details of the source that you are reading.

 

Therefore, you mention two names:

  1. the author of the idea you are using
  2. the source you have found it in

 

McWilliams (2005, quoted in Free, 2024, p. 927) extolled the virtues of the "Wonderbra effect," which saw the bourgeoisization of Irish society which was ‘pressed together in the middle and lifted up, allowing us to display our impressive material cleavage’ as a growing middle-class.

 

 

Neuroticism has been associated with a variety of life problems, stress, and mental disorders such as anxiety and depression (Kendler, 1993, cited in Ferguson, 2024).

 

However, your bibliography should only give details of the source that you found it in.


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